The End
Song by The Beatles • McCartney
Abbey Road (1969) — Mature, melodic, valedictory.
Background
The End is a song by The Beatles, written by McCartney and led on vocal by Paul McCartney. The only Beatles drum solo; trade-off guitar solos Paul/George/John (in order).
What's distinctive
At 2:05 it's bottom fifth by length. One of 65 UK songs led primarily by Paul. Recorded approximately 12 of 17 into the Abbey Road (1969) sessions. Carries the unique tag 'only-ringo-solo' — no other UK song shares it.Opening line — "Oh yeah, all right, are you gonna be in my dreams tonight?" (brief identification excerpt; full lyrics © Sony Music Publishing — see Genius link in References.)
Recording
The session work falls within the band's Abbey Road (1969) period, recorded 23 Jul 1969 at EMI Studios. George Martin produced; Geoff Emerick (returned), Phil McDonald, Glyn Johns engineered. The track was committed to Studer J37 8-track (1969 upgrade), TG12345 console under construction via the EMI TG12345 transistor console (debuted on Abbey Road); some sessions on REDD.51, with the era's standard signal chain — EMI RS124, EMT 140, Fairchild 660, ADT, compression on every channel (TG). Likely instrumental setup followed the era's working kit: Gibson Les Paul Standard 'Lucy' (Harrison), Fender Rosewood Telecaster (Harrison), Epiphone Casino, Moog Series III synthesizer, amplified through Fender Twin Reverb, Fender Bassman, Vox UL730, Leslie. For session-by-session detail, see Mark Lewisohn's account on p.2 of The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions (excerpt below).
| Studio | EMI Studios — Studio Two & Three (last Beatles LP recorded as a band) |
|---|---|
| Tape machine | Studer J37 8-track (1969 upgrade), TG12345 console under construction |
| Console | EMI TG12345 transistor console (debuted on Abbey Road); some sessions on REDD.51 |
| Microphones | U47, U67, AKG C12, AKG D19/D20 (drums), STC 4038 |
| Outboard / effects | EMI RS124, EMT 140, Fairchild 660, ADT, compression on every channel (TG) |
| Guitars | Gibson Les Paul Standard 'Lucy' (Harrison), Fender Rosewood Telecaster (Harrison), Epiphone Casino, Moog Series III synthesizer |
| Amplifiers | Fender Twin Reverb, Fender Bassman, Vox UL730, Leslie |
| Producer | George Martin |
| Engineer / 2nd | Geoff Emerick (returned), Phil McDonald, Glyn Johns • Alan Parsons, John Kurlander (2nd) |
Pattern analysis
Legacy & release history
In the UK canonical discography it appears on the LP Abbey Road. Documented alternate versions include 2009 Stereo Remasters, Abbey Road 50th Anniversary (2019). Mono and stereo histories vary by era — see the dedicated section below.
Mono & stereo
- Stereo only on UK release — the band's last three LPs were mixed for stereo; no UK mono LPs were issued.
Documented alternate versions
- 2009 Stereo Remasters — Allan Rouse / Guy Massey remaster
- Abbey Road 50th Anniversary (2019) — Giles Martin stereo remix
Released on
- Abbey Road — LP, 26 September 1969
Cross-references
Other songs sharing themes (only-ringo-solo, trade-off-solos, closing-couplet)
Other songs led by the same vocalist
Other songs from this era
only-ringo-solotrade-off-solosclosing-couplet