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Overview
"Twist and Shout" is a 1961 song written by Phil Medley and Bert Berns. It was originally recorded by The Top Notes, but it did not become a hit in the record charts until it was reworked by the Isley Brothers for their album Twist & Shout in 1962. The song has been covered by several artists, including the Beatles, Salt-N-Pepa, and Chaka Demus & Pliers, who experienced chart success with their versions. [Wikipedia]
Background
Twist and Shout is a song by The Beatles, written by Medley–Russell and led on vocal by John Lennon. Album closer; cut last in one take with John's voice shredded by a cold. Within the catalogue, its cover thread connects it to Anna (Go to Him), Chains, Boys; its one-take thread connects it to Rock and Roll Music, Long Tall Sally; its vocal-shred thread connects it to Oh! Darling. Originally recorded by The Top Notes and a hit for Joey Dee and the Starliters in 1962, 'Twist and Shout' was recorded 11 February 1963 with John Lennon providing a raw, high-energy vocal that captured the song's rhythm-and-blues origins. The track's immediacy and Lennon's shouted phrasing became one of the group's most recognizable concert performances, establishing the song as a centerpiece of early Beatlemania live shows (Lewisohn 1988, p.27).
What's distinctive
One of 101 songs led primarily by John. A non-original — one of 23 cover versions in the canon. Recorded approximately 13 of 67 into the Beatlemania (1962–1964) sessions. Carries the rare tag 'vocal-shred' — shared with only 1 other song(s). Take count: 16 (highest take number documented in Lewisohn (1988)).Opening line — "Well, shake it up, baby, now…" (brief identification excerpt; full lyrics © Sony Music Publishing — see Genius link in References.)
Pattern analysis
Recording
The session work falls within the band's Beatlemania (1962–1964) period, recorded 11 Feb 1963 at EMI Studios, Abbey Road. George Martin produced; Norman Smith engineered. For session-by-session detail, see Mark Lewisohn's account on p.11 of The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions (excerpt below). Take 1 was selected for the album, a rarity suggesting either a first-take performance of exceptional quality or the decision to preserve the energy of an unrehearsed, spontaneous studio approach. John Lennon's vocal, delivered at full volume in the studio, likely strained his voice for subsequent takes; the decision to use the first attempt may reflect pragmatic engineering rather than accidental excellence. George Martin's sparse arrangement kept focus on the vocal and tight four-piece backing (Lewisohn 1988, p.27).
| Studio | EMI Studios, Abbey Road — predominantly Studio Two |
|---|---|
| Tape machine | Twin-track BTR-2 (1962); Studer J37 four-track from late-1963 |
| Console | REDD.37 / REDD.51 valve consoles |
| Microphones | Neumann U47, U48; AKG D19 (drums); STC 4038 (overheads) |
| Outboard / effects | EMI RS124 compressor (Altec 436B mod), EMT 140 plate reverb, STEED tape echo |
| Guitars | Rickenbacker 325 (Lennon), Gretsch Country Gent / Tennessean (Harrison), Höfner 500/1 violin bass (McCartney), Ludwig Oyster Black Pearl kit (Starr) |
| Amplifiers | Vox AC30 (TB & non-Top-Boost variants) |
| Producer | George Martin |
| Engineer / 2nd | Norman Smith • Richard Langham, Geoff Emerick (2nd) |
| Estimated takes | 16 (highest take number documented in Lewisohn (1988)) |
Legacy & release history
In the canonical discography it appears on the LP Please Please Me; on the EP Twist and Shout. Documented alternate versions include Anthology 1 (1995). Mono and stereo histories vary by era — see the dedicated section below. John Lennon lead vocals appear in 73 canon songs (26 in Beatlemania), making this among his most vigorous vocal performances. As the Please Please Me album closer and a concert staple, Twist and Shout became synonymous with Beatles energy and Beatlemania excess, later covered by numerous artists seeking to capture the group's raw appeal (Lewisohn 1988, p.27).
Mono & stereo
- Mixed primarily in mono at Abbey Road; the Beatles attended only the mono mixes through Sgt Pepper.
- Stereo mixes from this period were prepared (often without the band present) and are now considered secondary by purists.
Documented alternate versions
- Anthology 1 (1995) — alternate take
Released on
- Please Please Me — LP, 22 March 1963
- Twist and Shout — EP, 12 July 1963
Cross-references
Other songs sharing themes (cover, one-take, vocal-shred, rocker)
Other songs led by the same vocalist
Other songs from this era
coverone-takevocal-shredrocker
References & external databases
Awards & recognition
- Grammy Hall of Fame: in 2010
Recognition mentions extracted from the Wikipedia article. Verify against the linked source before quoting.
Frequently asked
Who wrote Twist and Shout?
“Twist and Shout” was written by Medley–Russell.
Who sings lead on Twist and Shout?
The lead vocal on “Twist and Shout” is by John Lennon.
When was Twist and Shout recorded?
“Twist and Shout” was recorded 11 Feb 1963 at EMI Studios, Abbey Road.
How many takes did Twist and Shout require?
Mark Lewisohn's session log documents up to 16 numbered takes for “Twist and Shout”.